Black-Eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
Black-eyed Susans are cheerful native perennials that bloom profusely in late summer and autumn, filling a gap when many earlier flowers fade. Their golden flowers attract native bees, butterflies, and parasitic wasps essential to garden health.
Growing Conditions
Sunlight
Full Sun
Water Needs
Low
Soil
Well-draining loam; pH 6.0–7.0; tolerates poor, dry soil
Spacing
18–24 inches
Days to Maturity
Perennial; blooms prolifically from year 2
Growing Zones
Thrives in USDA Zones 3–9
Companion Planting
When to Plant
Transplant
Spring or autumn
Direct Sow
Surface sow in spring (needs light to germinate)
Harvest
Leave seed heads for birds through winter
Organic Growing Tips
Leave seed heads standing through autumn and winter to feed finches and other seed-eating birds.
Combine with echinacea and yarrow for a long-blooming, low-maintenance beneficial insect border.
Deadhead spent flowers to extend bloom season, but leave some for seed.
Self-seeds freely — welcome seedlings or thin to maintain spacing.
Common Pests
- Aphids
- Powdery Mildew
- Septoria Leaf Spot
All pest management in Garden uses safe, organic, non-toxic methods only. No synthetic pesticides, ever.